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18th century BC

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Millennia
2nd millennium BC
Centuries
19th century BC 18th century BC 17th century BC
Timelines
19th century BC 18th century BC 17th century BC
State leaders
19th century BC 18th century BC 17th century BC
Decades
1790s BC 1780s BC 1770s BC 1760s BC 1750s BC 1740s BC 1730s BC 1720s BC 1710s BC 1700s BC
Categories:
Births – Deaths Establishments – Disestablishments
v t e

The 18th century BC was the century that lasted from 1800 BC to 1701 BC. Manning (2008) tentatively estimates the world population in 1799 BC as 85 million.^[1]

Events

1800 BC: Beginning of the Nordic Bronze Age in the period system devised by Oscar Montelius.
c. 1800 BC: Sedentary Mayan communities in Mesoamerica
c. 1800 BC: Hyksos start to settle in the Nile Delta. They had the capital at Avaris in northeastern Nile Delta.
1800 BC: Adichanallur urn-burial site in Tirunelveli district in Tamil Nadu. In 2004, a number of skeletons dating from around 3,800 years ago.
1800 BC: Beginning of the Indo-Aryan migration
1800 BC – 1700 BC: Decline of the Indus Valley Civilisation
1800 BC – 1300 BC: Troy VI flourishes.
c. 1792 BC – 1750 BC: (middle chronology) – Hammurabi rules Babylonia and has to deal with Mari, which he conquers late in his career.
c. 1792 BC – 1750 BC: (middle chronology) – Stela of Hammurabi, from Susa (modern Shush, Iran) is made. It is now in Musée du Louvre, Paris.
1787 BC – 1784 BC: Amorite conquests of Uruk and Isin.
1786 BC: Egypt: Queen Sobekneferu dies. End of Twelfth Dynasty, start of Thirteenth Dynasty, start of Fourteenth Dynasty.
1779 BC: Zimrilim, the King of Mari, starts to rule.
1775 BC to 1760 BC: Investiture of Zimri-Lim, a painting of Zimri-Lim receiving the ring and staff from the goddess Ishtar, is made at the Royal Palace of Mari, Court 106. It is now at the Louvre, Paris.^[2]
1770 BC: Babylon, capital of Babylonia becomes the largest city of the world, taking the lead from Thebes, capital of Egypt.^[3]
1766 BC: Shang conquest of the Xia dynasty. China.
1764 BC – 1750 BC: Wars of Hammurabi.
1757 BC: Mari sacked by Hammurabi. Zimrilim's palace is destroyed.
1757 BC: Zimrilim, the King of Mari, dies.
1750 BC: Hyksos occupation of Northern Egypt.
1750 BC: Old Assyrian Empire disestablished
1750 BC: A colossal volcanic eruption at Mount Veniaminof, located on the Alaska Peninsula.^[4]
c. 1750 BC: Hammurabi dies and is succeeded by his son, Samsu-iluna, who is already involved in Babylonian government.^[5]
c. 1750 BC: Vedic period starts in India.
c. 1750 BC: Investiture of Zimrilim (Zimrilim, King of Mari, before the Goddess Ishtar), facsimile of a wall painting on mud plaster from the Zimrilim palace at Mari (modern Tell Hariri, Syria), Court 106, is made. It is now in Musée du Louvre, Paris.
c. 1750 BC: The complaint tablet to Ea-nāṣir is written.
c. 1740 BC – c. 1720 BC: reigns of pharaoh Neferhotep I and his brother Sobekhotep IV, marking the apex of the Egyptian 13th Dynasty.
1749 BC – 1712 BC: Mesopotamian Rebellions.
1749 BC: Samsu-iluna succeeds Hammurabi as king of Babylon. However, his rule is not very effective, and Mesopotamia endures turmoil during his reign.
c. 1740 BC: Akkadian-Assyrian governor Puzur-Sin drives the Babylonians and Amorites into the north, out of the land of Assyria.
1736 BC: According to the ultra-long chronology of the ancient Near East, this is the year the sack of Babylon occurred.^[6]
c. 1720 BC: The Hyksos invade and conquer Egypt, establishing their capital at Avaris.^[7]
c. 1720 BC: Adasi, a native king of Assyria, seizes power.
1712 BC: According to the middle chronology, Samsu-iluna dies and is succeeded by Abi-Eshuh.^[8]
c. 1700 BC: Unetice culture, beginning of the Bronze Age in Central Europe.
c. 1700 BC: Minoan civilization: phase II of the Middle period (MM II).
c. 1700 BC: The last species of mammoth became extinct on Wrangel Island.
c. 1700 BC: Indus Valley Civilization comes to an end but is continued by the Cemetery H culture
c. 1700 BC: Minoan Old Palace period ends and Minoan Second Palace (Neopalatial) period starts in Crete.
c. 1700 BC: Aegean metalworkers are producing decorative objects rivaling those of Ancient Near East jewelers, whose techniques they seem to borrow.
c. 1700 BC: Lila-Ir-Tash started to rule the Elamite Empire.
c. 1700 BC: Bronze Age starts in China.
c. 1700 BC: Shang dynasty starts in China.
c. 1700 BC: Knossos on Crete is destroyed by fire.^[9]
c. 1700 BC: Oxus civilization ends in today's Central Asia.

Deaths

1764 BC: Yarim Lim 1 The Great King of Yamhad
c. 1750 BC: Hammurabi (middle chronology)

Inventions, discoveries, introductions

c. 1700 BC: Median date for the building of the Phaistos Disc. Its purpose and meaning, and even its original geographical place of manufacture remains unknown, making it one of the most famous mysteries of archaeology.

Sovereign states

Significant people

Adasi, usurper king of Assyria
Ameny Qemau, Thirteenth Dynasty Pharaoh of Egypt (1793–1791 BC)
Hammurabi, ruler of Babylon beginning in 1728 BC (according to the short chronology); or from around 1792 to 1750 BC^[10]
Hotepibre, Thirteenth Dynasty Pharaoh of Egypt (1791–1788 BC)^[11]
Jie of Xia, last ruler of the Xia dynasty, begins ruling around 1706 BC
Jin of Xia, semi-legendary Xia dynasty King of China (1810–1789 BC)
Lila-Ir-Tash, king of the Elamite Empire
Nur-Adad, king of Larsa from 1801 to 1785 BC
Rim-Sin I, ruler of the Middle Eastern city-state of Larsa since 1758 BC, according to the short chronology. That same chronology records his death in 1699 BC.
Samsu-iluna, king of Babylon since 1750 BC, according to the middle chronology
Sekhemkare, Thirteenth Dynasty Pharaoh of Egypt (1796–1793 BC)
Shamshi-Adad I, Amorite King of Assyria (1809–1776 BC) (Middle Chronology)
Shibtu, queen of Zimri-Lim throughout his reign
Sonbef, Thirteenth Dynasty Pharaoh of Egypt (1800–1796 BC)
Sin-Muballit, King of Babylon (1813–1792 BC) (Middle Chronology)
Sumu-la-El, king of Babylon from around 1817 to 1781 BC
Yarim-Lim I, king of the Amorite kingdom of Yamhad in present-day Syria, from around 1780 to 1764 BC
Zimri-Lim, king of the Middle Eastern city-state of Mari from around 1775 to 1761 BC

References

↑ Manning, Scott (2008-01-12). "Year-by-Year World Population Estimates: 10,000 B.C. to 2007 A.D." Historian on the Warpath. Retrieved 2023-03-05.
↑ "Investiture of Zimri-Lim". contentdm.unl.edu. Retrieved 26 January 2022.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
↑ M. A., Geography; B. A., Geography. "What Were the Largest Cities Throughout History?". ThoughtCo. Retrieved 2021-05-01.
↑ NatureWorldNews (15 August 2013). "Alaskan Volcano Eruption Causes Rumbles but No Worries".
↑ "Hammurabi (1792-1750 B.C)". www.thelatinlibrary.com.
↑ Eder, Christian, "Assyrische Distanzangaben und die absolute Chronologie Vorderasiens", Altorientalische Forschungen 31, 191–236, 2004.
↑ "Joseph, Egypt and the Hyksos..." The Freeman Institute Foundation.
↑ J. N. Postgate (1994). Early Mesopotamia: society and economy at the dawn of history, reprint edition. Routlidge Publishing. pp. 49–50, 75, 219. ISBN 0-415-11032-7.
↑ "Timeline -- B.C." www.au.af.mil. Archived from the original on September 17, 2002.
↑ Mieroop, Marc Van De (2008). King Hammurabi of Babylon: A Biography. John Wiley & Sons. p. viii. ISBN 9780470695340.
↑ "The Pharaohs of Ancient Egypt". ascendingpassage.com. Retrieved 2026-06-01.

Decades and years

18th century BC
20th century BC ← 19th century BC ← ↔ → 17th century BC → 16th century BC

1800s BC	1809 BC	1808 BC	1807 BC	1806 BC	1805 BC	1804 BC	1803 BC	1802 BC	1801 BC	1800 BC
1790s BC	1799 BC	1798 BC	1797 BC	1796 BC	1795 BC	1794 BC	1793 BC	1792 BC	1791 BC	1790 BC
1780s BC	1789 BC	1788 BC	1787 BC	1786 BC	1785 BC	1784 BC	1783 BC	1782 BC	1781 BC	1780 BC
1770s BC	1779 BC	1778 BC	1777 BC	1776 BC	1775 BC	1774 BC	1773 BC	1772 BC	1771 BC	1770 BC
1760s BC	1769 BC	1768 BC	1767 BC	1766 BC	1765 BC	1764 BC	1763 BC	1762 BC	1761 BC	1760 BC
1750s BC	1759 BC	1758 BC	1757 BC	1756 BC	1755 BC	1754 BC	1753 BC	1752 BC	1751 BC	1750 BC
1740s BC	1749 BC	1748 BC	1747 BC	1746 BC	1745 BC	1744 BC	1743 BC	1742 BC	1741 BC	1740 BC
1730s BC	1739 BC	1738 BC	1737 BC	1736 BC	1735 BC	1734 BC	1733 BC	1732 BC	1731 BC	1730 BC
1720s BC	1729 BC	1728 BC	1727 BC	1726 BC	1725 BC	1724 BC	1723 BC	1722 BC	1721 BC	1720 BC
1710s BC	1719 BC	1718 BC	1717 BC	1716 BC	1715 BC	1714 BC	1713 BC	1712 BC	1711 BC	1710 BC
1700s BC	1709 BC	1708 BC	1707 BC	1706 BC	1705 BC	1704 BC	1703 BC	1702 BC	1701 BC	1700 BC
1690s BC	1699 BC	1698 BC	1697 BC	1696 BC	1695 BC	1694 BC	1693 BC	1692 BC	1691 BC	1690 BC

Centuries and millennia

Millennium	Century
BC (BCE)
4th	40th	39th	38th	37th	36th	35th	34th	33rd	32nd	31st
3rd	30th	29th	28th	27th	26th	25th	24th	23rd	22nd	21st
2nd	20th	19th	18th	17th	16th	15th	14th	13th	12th	11th
1st	10th	9th	8th	7th	6th	5th	4th	3rd	2nd	1st
AD (CE)
1st	1st	2nd	3rd	4th	5th	6th	7th	8th	9th	10th
2nd	11th	12th	13th	14th	15th	16th	17th	18th	19th	20th
3rd	21st	22nd	23rd	24th	25th	26th	27th	28th	29th	30th