Tambralinga or Ho-ling was an old kingdom located on the Malay Peninsula and Southern Thailand. The ethnicity of the kingdom is Melanesians based. It was under the influence of Srivijaya before Chola's invasion under the name Tanamera region which before Srivijayan era called as national Malayan kedatuan, but it later became independent named as Tambralingga after independence from Chola Empire before absorb to the Dharmasraya and become as the Dharmaraja in the mid era and follow the headquarter's name. The scholars recognized Tambralinga as Nakhon Si Thammarat after the Dharmaraja's headquarter anexed by Siam and lost the Southern provinces to Singosari. In Sanskrit and Prakrit, tām(b)ra means "copper", "copper-coloured" or "red" and linga means "symbol" or "creation", typically representing the divine energy of Shiva.