Rajbiraj is a mid-sized municipality located in the south-eastern part of Madhesh Province of Nepal. The city is also called the "Pink City of Nepal" because the township was designed in 1938 based on influence from the "Indian Pink City" Jaipur - thus making it the first township in Nepal to receive urban planning. Rajbiraj is the district headquarters of Saptari, which was transferred from the old district headquarters Hanumannagar in 1944 and is the eighth largest city in the province. It was declared a municipality in 1959. According to the 2021 census, the city had a population of 70,803, making it the 77th largest municipality in Nepal. The city area is spread over 55.64 km2 (21.48 sq mi) and comprises 16 wards.