Pater Patriae was an honorific title in ancient Rome. The title was granted by the Roman Senate. During the Roman Republic, it was awarded only twice: to Camillus and Cicero. Under the Roman Empire, it was exclusively granted to the Roman emperor, usually after many years of successful rule. Not all emperors were offered the title, while others were offered it but refused to accept it. A total of 23 emperors received the title, beginning with Augustus.