The Fort Smith Council, also known as the Indian Council, was a series of meetings held at Fort Smith, Arkansas from September 8–21, 1865. The mandatory meetings were organized by the United States Commissioner of Indian Affairs, Dennis N. Cooley, for Indian tribes east of the Rockies. The U.S. knew about the earlier Camp Napoleon Council in May 1865, but Cooley regarded it as unauthorized and ineffective; in the eyes of the U.S. it was a too-little-too-late way to avoid sanctions from supporting the Confederacy.