Norman Bates is a fictional character created by American author Robert Bloch as the main antagonist in his 1959 horror novel Psycho, and later the main protagonist of the Psycho franchise. He has an alter ego, Mother, who takes the form of his abusive mother, and later victim, Norma, who in his daily life runs the Bates Motel. He was portrayed by Anthony Perkins in the 1960 film adaptation directed by Alfred Hitchcock and in three sequels. He was also portrayed by Vince Vaughn in the 1998 remake, and by Freddie Highmore in the television series Bates Motel (2013–2017).