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Nanoprobe (device)
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A nanoprobe refers to one of several different kinds of devices:
- In semiconductor manufacturing, nanoprobes are devices for carrying out failure analysis and debugging of integrated circuits, as well as for transistor design, circuit design, and process development, and yield engineering. This technique is called nanoprobing.
- In bioimaging, nanoprobes are optical devices that provide contrast and spatial resolution at the nanoscale.
- Nanoprobes may also refer to other chemical or biological devices that introduce or extract substances measured in nanoliters or nanograms rather than microliters or micrograms.
Nanoprobes in semiconductor manufacturing
In semiconductor manufacturing, nanoprobes are used to carry out failure analysis and debugging of integrated circuits, as well as for transistor design, circuit, process development, and yield engineering.[1] Nanoprobes for this application (called nanoprobing) are usually made of tungsten wires sharpened at their tips to radii of curvature as small as 3 nm. Nanoprobes are positioned through the use of an electron microscope and a manipulator to contact two or more points on the surface of an integrated circuit (much like the contacts in a volt-ohmmeter), and the currents or voltage drops between them are measured with an external instrument called a nanoprober.
Optical nanoprobes
Nanoprobes can be used in bioimaging to provide improved contrast and spatial resolution of cells and tissues.[2] Types of nanoprobes used for bioimaging include fluorescence, chemiluminescence, and photoacoustic imaging.[2] Metal nanoparticles have been used as nanoprobes to enhance the sensitivity of surface-enhanced Raman scattering in a variety of applications.[3]
Other uses
The term nanoprobe also refers more generically to any chemical or biological device that introduces or extracts substances measured in nanoliters or nanograms rather than microliters or micrograms. For example:
- Introducing nanoparticles in aqueous solution to serve as nanoprobes in electrospray ionization mass spectrometry[4]
- Extracting nanoquantities of neurochemicals via in vivo microdialysis[5]
- Using gold-based metallic nanoprobes for theranostics (therapeutic diagnostics)[6]
See also
References
- ↑ Ukraintsev V (2014). "Modern trends in processing, metrology, and control for integrated circuits". SPIE Newsroom. doi:10.1117/2.1201312.005247.
- 1 2 Jeong K, Kim Y, Kang CS, Cho HJ, Lee YD, Kwon IC, et al. (April 2016). "Nanoprobes for optical bioimaging". Optical Materials Express. 6 (4): 1262–1279. doi:10.1364/OME.6.001262.
- ↑ Chang H, Hur W, Kang H, Jun BH (11 February 2025). "In vivo surface-enhanced Raman scattering techniques: nanoprobes, instrumentation, and applications". Light: Science & Applications. 14 (1). doi:10.1038/s41377-024-01718-5.
- ↑ Wu HF, Agrawal K, Shrivas K, Lee YH (December 2010). "On particle ionization/enrichment of multifunctional nanoprobes: washing/separation-free, acceleration and enrichment of microwave-assisted tryptic digestion of proteins via bare TiO2 nanoparticles in ESI-MS and comparing to MALDI-MS". Journal of Mass Spectrometry. 45 (12): 1402–1408. Bibcode:2010JMSp...45.1402W. doi:10.1002/jms.1855. PMID 20967754.
- ↑ Khandelwal P, Beyer CE, Lin Q, Schechter LE, Bach AC (July 2004). "Studying rat brain neurochemistry using nanoprobe NMR spectroscopy: a metabonomics approach". Analytical Chemistry. 76 (14): 4123–4127. doi:10.1021/ac049812u. PMID 15253652.
- ↑ Panchapakesan B, Book-Newell B, Sethu P, Rao M, Irudayaraj J (December 2011). "Gold nanoprobes for theranostics". Nanomedicine. 6 (10): 1787–1811. doi:10.2217/nnm.11.155. PMC 3236610. PMID 22122586.
External links
- tiptek.com A manufacturer of nanoprobes for semiconductor failure analysis and fault diagnosis.
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