The California Medical Assistance Program is the California implementation of the federal Medicaid program serving low-income individuals, including families, seniors, persons with disabilities, children in foster care, pregnant women, and childless adults with incomes below 138% of federal poverty level. Benefits include ambulatory patient services, emergency services, hospitalization, maternity and newborn care, mental health and substance use disorder treatment, dental (Denti-Cal), vision, and long-term care and support. Medi-Cal was created in 1965 by the California Medical Assistance Program a few months after the national legislation was passed. Over 15.28 million people were enrolled in Medi-Cal as of September 2022, or about 40% of California's population; in Tulare County and Merced County, more than 50% of county residents were enrolled as of September 2015. As of 2025, about 56% of children in California use the program.