Gregory Barhebraeus or Bar Hebraeus, also known as Abu al-Faraj and in Latin, Abulpharagius, was the maphrian Catholicos of the East of the Catholicate of the East under the Syriac Orthodox Church from 1264 until his death in 1286. He is recognised as one of the most accomplished and multifaceted academics of the medieval Syriac Christian world, with important contributions to the fields of theology, philosophy, history, linguistics, medicine, and the natural sciences.