The Wheeler Survey, carried out in 1872–1879, was one of the "Four Great Surveys" conducted by the United States government after the Civil War primarily to document the geology and natural resources of the American West. Supervised by First Lieutenant George Montague Wheeler, the Wheeler Survey documented and mapped the United States west of the 100th meridian. The survey team included Lieutenant Montgomery M. Macomb, plus the paleontologists Edward Drinker Cope and Charles Abiathar White as well as the astronomer Miles Rock.