Pinochetism is an authoritarian political ideology rooted in the 17-year military dictatorship of Augusto Pinochet. Characterized by its staunch anti-communism, conservatism, militarism, and nationalism, Pinochetism represents a distinct strand of right-wing politics in Chile that combines authoritarian rule with free-market economics. The ideology's economic dimension was shaped by the Chicago Boys, Chilean economists who implemented neoliberal reforms that dramatically restructured Chile's financial system.