Philip Maxwell Ruddock is an Australian politician who served as the 32nd Attorney-General of Australia from 2003 to 2007 under prime minister John Howard. A member of the Liberal Party, he was elected to the House of Representatives from 1973 to 2016; by the time of his retirement Ruddock was the last Member of Parliament (MP) to have sat during the Whitlam and Fraser governments. He was both the Father of the House and the Father of the Parliament from 1998 to retirement. He is the second longest-serving parliamentarian in the history of the Australian Parliament; only Billy Hughes has served longer.