John Rosamond Johnson, usually referred to as J. Rosamond Johnson, was an American composer and singer during the Harlem Renaissance. Born in Jacksonville, Florida, much of his music career was in New York City. Johnson is hailed well over a century later as the composer of the civic anthem "Lift Every Voice and Sing", first performed live by 500 Black American students from racially-segregated Jacksonville, Florida's Edwin Stanton School in the pivotal year of 1900.