Immigration in Austria refers to the movement of foreign nationals to Austria for residence. Shaped by its position in Central Europe and proximity to the Eastern Bloc, Austria has experienced successive migration waves including Cold War refugees, guest workers from Turkey and Yugoslavia, and asylum seekers during the 2015 refugee crisis. As of 2024, approximately 27.8% of Austria's population has a migrant background, one of the highest proportions in the European Union. Among foreign citizens residing in Austria, slightly more than half hold citizenship of an EU or EFTA country. Since Austria joined the EU in 1995, residents of member states have benefited from freedom of movement and the right to work in other member states. The EU enlargements of 2004 and 2007 further increased migration from Central and Eastern Europe, which now account for the majority of EU citizens in Austria.