Homelessness in Japan is a social issue overwhelmingly affecting middle-aged and elderly males. Homelessness is thought to have peaked in the 1990s as a consequence of the collapse of the Japanese asset price bubble and has largely fallen since then. According to a 2022 study by the UK's Greater Change Foundation which measured homelessness globally, Japan has the lowest homelessness rate in the world at 0.003%, which is approximately 1 homeless person out of every 34,000 citizens; however, this number only includes those who are sleeping rough and excludes those who have no fixed abode but sleep in places like net cafes, capsule hotels, or cars.