Exsurge Domine is a papal bull that was promulgated on 15 June 1520 by Pope Leo X. It was written in response to Martin Luther's Ninety-five Theses, which criticised various practices of the Catholic Church. The bull censured forty-one teachings found in the Ninety-five theses and Luther’s other writings. The bull also threatened Luther and his colleagues—one being Andreas Karlstadt—with excommunication unless they recanted their teachings sixty days after the publication of the bull in the Electorate of Saxony—now Saxony, Germany—and its neighboring regions.