On 5 September 1960 President Joseph Kasa-Vubu of Congo-Léopoldville dismissed Prime Minister Patrice Lumumba from office, and six other members of his government: Deputy Prime Minister Antoine Gizenga, Minister of Justice Rémy Mwamba, Minister of Interior Christophe Gbenye, Minister of Information Anicet Kashamura, Secretary of State Antoine-Roger Bolamba, and Secretary of State Jacques Lumbala. This sparked a major constitutional crisis, and led to a coup organized by Colonel Joseph-Désiré Mobutu.