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Angle of list
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The angle of list is the degree to which a vessel heels (leans or tilts) to either port or starboard at equilibrium—with no external forces acting upon it.[1] If a listing ship goes beyond the point where a righting moment will keep it afloat, it will capsize and potentially sink.[2]
Listing is caused by the off-centerline distribution of weight aboard due to uneven loading or to flooding.[3] By contrast, roll is the dynamic movement from side to side caused by waves.
Gallery
- Angle of list
Norwegian steamer Stanja arriving in Antwerp
French cargo ship Ville de Bordeaux listing after collision
Reefer Ivory Tirupati listing in the port of Brest
See also
References
- ↑ Kemp, Peter (1976). The Oxford Companion to Ships and the Sea. Oxford University Press. p. 488. ISBN 0192115537.
- ↑ Barrass, Bryan; Derrett, D. R. (2011-02-23). Ship Stability for Masters and Mates. Elsevier. p. 366. ISBN 978-0-08-046008-6.
- ↑ Naval Training Publications Detachment (1972). Hull Maintenance Tech 3 & 2. Washington, DC: United States Naval Training Publications. p. 522.
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