The All Parties Conference was a formal grouping of all Indian political parties for organizing a committee in opposition to the Simon Commission to author the Constitution of India after independence was actualized. It was organised by the Indian National Congress in response to the racist anti-Indian speech made Secretary of State for India, Lord Birkenhead in the British House of Commons, where he had mocked the ability of Indians of self-governance. It was formally called upon by Dr. M. A. Ansari.